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Stay Fit, Stay Young: Mitochondria in Movement: The Role of Exercise in the New Mitochondrial Paradigm
Jesus R. Huertas,Pablo Hernansanz Agustín,Rafael A. Casuso,Sara Cogliati
- , 2019, DOI: 10.1155/2019/7058350
Abstract:
Ergogenic effects of quercetin supplementation in trained rats
Casuso Rafael A,Martínez-Amat Antonio,Martínez-López Emilio J,Camiletti-Moirón Daniel
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition , 2013, DOI: 10.1186/1550-2783-10-3
Abstract: Background Quercetin is a natural polyphenolic compound currently under study for its ergogenic capacity to improve mitochondrial biogenesis. Sedentary mice have exhibited increased endurance performance, but results are contradictory in human models. Methods We examined the effects of six weeks of endurance training and quercetin supplementation on markers of endurance performance and training in a rodent model. Rats were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: placebo+sedentary (PS), quercetin+sedentary (QS), placebo+endurance training (PT) and quercetin+endurance training (QT). Quercetin was administered at a dose of 25 mg/kg on alternate days. During six weeks of treatment volume parameters of training were recorded, and after six weeks all groups performed a maximal graded VO2 max test and a low-intensity endurance run-to-fatigue test. Results No effects were found in VO2 peak (p>0.999), nor in distance run during low-intensity test, although it was 14% greater in QT when compared with PT (P = 0.097). Post-exercise blood lactate was increased in QT when compared with PT (p=0.023) and also in QS compared with PS (p=0.024). Conclusions This study showed no effects in VO2 peak, speed at VO2 peak or endurance time to exhaustion after six weeks of quercetin supplementation compared with placebo in trained rats. Quercetin was show to increase blood lactate production after high-intensity exercise.
High-intensity high-volume swimming induces more robust signaling through PGC-1α and AMPK activation than sprint interval swimming in m. triceps brachii
Cándido Robles-Sanchez,Francisco J. Ruiz-Ojeda,Jerónimo Aragón-Vela,Jesus R. Huertas,Julio Plaza-Díaz,Luis M. Salmeron,Marina Hebberecht,Nikolai B. Nordsborg,Rafael A. Casuso
- , 2017, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185494
Abstract:
A new chemo-evolutionary population synthesis model for early-type galaxies. II: Observations and Results
A. Vazdekis,R. F. Peletier,J. E. Beckman,E. Casuso
Physics , 1997, DOI: 10.1086/313008
Abstract: We present here the results of applying a new chemo-evolutionary stellar population model developed by ourselves in a previous paper (Vazdekis et al. 1996) to new high quality observational data of the nuclear regions of two representative elliptical galaxies and the bulge of the Sombrero galaxy. Here we fit in detail about 20 absorption lines and 6 optical and near-infrared colors following two approaches: fitting a single-age single-metallicity model and fitting our full chemical evolutionary model. We find that all of the iron lines are weaker than the best fitting models predict, indicating that the iron-abundance is anomalous and deficient. We also find that the Ca_I index at 4227 A is much lower than predicted by the models. We can obtain good fits for all the other lines and observed colors with models of old and metal-rich stellar populations, and can show that the observed radial gradients are due to metallicity decreasing outward. We find that good fits are obtained both with fully evolutionary models and with single-age single-metallicity models. This is due to the fact that in the evolutionary model more than 80% of stars form with in 1.5 Gyr after the formation of the galaxies. The fact that slightly better fits are obtained with evolutionary models indicates these galaxies contain a small spread in metallicity.
A new chemo-evolutionary population synthesis model for early-type galaxies. I: Theoretical basis
A. Vazdekis,E. Casuso,R. F. Peletier,J. E. Beckman
Physics , 1996, DOI: 10.1086/192340
Abstract: We have developed a new stellar population synthesis model designed to study early-type galaxies. It provides optical and near-infrared colors, and line indices for 25 absorption lines. It can synthesize single age, single metallicity stellar populations or follow the galaxy through its evolution from an initial gas cloud to the present time. The model incorporates the new isochrones of the Padova group and the latest stellar spectral libraries. The model has been extensively compared with previous ones in the literature to establish its accuracy as well as the accuracy of this kind of models in general. Using the evolutionary version of the model we find that we cannot fit the most metal-rich elliptical galaxies if we keep the IMF constant and do not allow infall of gas. We do however reproduce the results of Arimoto \& Yoshii (1986) for the evolution of the gas, and produce colors, and, for the first time with this type of models, absorption line-strengths. It is in fact possible to fit the data for the elliptical galaxies by varying the IMF with time. Our numerical model is in good broad agreement with the analytical 'simple model'. In the present paper we describe the model, and compare a few key observables with new data for three early-type {\em standard} galaxies. However the data, as well as our fits, will be discussed in much more detail in a second paper (Vazdekis {\it et al.} 1996), where some conclusions will be drawn about elliptical galaxies on the basis of this model.
Effect on health-related quality of life of a multimodal physiotherapy program in patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders
Cuesta-Vargas Antonio Ignacio,González-Sánchez Manuel,Casuso-Holgado María Jesús
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes , 2013, DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-19
Abstract: Background Musculoskeletal disorders are major causes of morbidity in the world, and these conditions have a strong negative influence in terms of health-related quality of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an 8-week multimodal physical therapy program on general health state and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders. Methods There were 244 participants in this prospective cohort analysis with 8-week follow-up. The primary outcome was general health state (physical and mental components), determined with the Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12). The secondary outcome was health related quality of life, determined with the EuroQoL-5D and VAS. The intervention was evaluated by comparing pre- and post-outcome measurements. T-tests were performed for paired data. Results Differences were statistically significant for physical health state: +1.68 (p < 0.05) (baseline: 42.38); mental health state: +3.15 (p < 0.001) (baseline: 46.57); and health related quality of life: +0.18 (EuroQoL 5D) (baseline: 46.57) and +7.22 (EuroQoL_VAS) (p < 0.001) (baseline: 60.81). Intervention resulted in clinically relevant changes in terms of percentage improvement from baseline scores. Conclusions Eight weeks of a Multimodal Physical Therapy Program seemed to moderately enhance the general health state and HRQoL of patients with chronic musculoskeletal diseases. This kind of therapeutic exercise can be recommended to patients with chronic low back pain, chronic neck pain and osteoarthritis, at least in the short term.
Dark Matter and Dark Energy: Breaking the Continuum Hypothesis?
Casuso Romate E.,Beckman J.
Progress in Physics , 2006,
Abstract: In the present paper an attempt is made to develop a fractional integral and differential, deterministic and projective method based on the assumption of the essential discontinuity observed in real systems (note that more than 99% of the volume occupied by an atom in real space has no matter). The differential treatment assumes continuous behaviour (in the form of averaging over the recent past of the system) to predict the future time evolution, such that the real history of the system is "forgotten". So it is easy to understand how problems such as unpredictability (chaos) arise for many dynamical systems, as well as the great difficulty to connecting Quantum Mechanics (a probabilistic differential theory) with General Relativity (a deterministic differential theory). I focus here on showing how the present theory can throw light on crucial astrophysical problems like dark matter and dark energy.
Production of Lithium in the Galactic Disk
E,Casuso,J. E. Beckman
Physics , 2000,
Abstract: We examine the evolution of Li in the Galactic disk,basing our model on the compilation of Li v.Fe observations in stars of iron abundance ranging between halo values,which give a baseline for the disk Li abundance,and 0.2 dex above solar.The upper envelope of these observations is taken to represent the locus of minimum stellar Li depletion,and thus to follow the Galactic IS Li abundance.The most striking feature of this envelope is its steep rise between Fe/H ~ -0.4 and -0.2,corresponding to a relatively late epoch.The Li abundance increases by an order of magnitude,from its halo value of logLi ~2.2 to the "current" value of ~3.2 within this narrow range of Fe abundances.It is well known that spallation reactions between CNO and 4He in the ISM produce Li,but models give a nearly tenfold shortfall for this process.The alpha+alpha fusion reaction appeared to yield too much early Li or too little current Li.These failures led to the exploration of stellar sources:supernovae,novae,and the He flash phase in AGB stars.The Li-Fe envelope is a strong constraint on any process.Our models can account for this in the context of disk chemical evolution with a near constant or growing rate of low metallicity gas infall,and a purely interstellar Li source: alpha-alpha fusion.The Li production rate is found to be proportional to the gas expulsion rate from intermediate and low mass stars.Low-energy alphas,emitted by these stars,but accelerated in more energetic processes associated with SNe,or the bow-shocks of stellar winds,can yield the observed abundance and its variation with Fe or O.Our model is consistent with the cosmic ray spectrum in the few MeV range,corrected for solar modulation and with new 7Li/6Li ratios found by Knauth et al.(2000) in the local ISM.
The Galactic IMF: origin in the combined mass distribution functions of dust grains and gas clouds
E. Casuso,J. E. Beckman
Physics , 2011, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19828.x
Abstract: We present here a theoretical model to account for the stellar IMF as a result of the composite behaviour of the gas and dust distribution functions. Each of these has previously been modelled and the models tested against observations. The model presented here implies a relation between the characteristic size of the dust grains and the characteristic final mass of the stars formed within the clouds containing the grains, folded with the relation between the mass of a gas cloud and the characteristic mass of the stars formed within it. The physical effects of dust grain size are due to equilibrium relations between the efficiency of grains in cooling the clouds, which is a falling function of grain size, and the efficiency of grains in catalyzing the production of molecular hydrogen, which is a rising function of grain size. We show that folding in the effects of grain distribution can yield a reasonable quantitative account of the IMF, while gas cloud mass function alone cannot do so.
Broncodilatadores en la crisis asmática: ？Aerosol o nebulización?
Lombardi,Dora M.; Casuso,Manuel; Rodríguez,Juan C.; Castro,Patricia; Varela,Norma M.; Morero,José L.; Rizzo,Oscar E.; Bertolot,Germán; Schiavi,Eduardo A.;
Medicina (Buenos Aires) , 2006,
Abstract: the number of patients attending our emergency department (ed) with acute asthma has increased from 3300 patient/year in 1980 to 15364 in 2003. short acting bronchodilators (albuterol/ipratropium) administered in wet nebulizations, a resource consuming procedure, were our main initial treatment in 2002. to improve treatment goals, we switched the method of bronchodilator delivery to metered dose inhalers (mdi) in 2003. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of this change in the bronchodilator delivery system. we compared 90 patients with acute asthma treated with mdis in december 2003 with a similar number treated with wet nebulizers in december 2002 matched for sex, age, height, and fev1 on admission. treated with mdis resulted in significant reduction of length of stay in the ed (median 3 vs 4 hs - quartiles 2-4.75 vs 1-6 hs, p=0.01) and an increase in the number of discharges in the first 2 hours of treatment (48 vs 31% p = 0.03). overall, patients in the mdi′s group received 87% of the scheduled bronchodilator doses, while patients in the wet nebulizer′s group received only 37% of the prescribed doses. although there was a trend towards better fev1 at discharge in the mdi′s group, the difference was not statistically significant (78% ± 17% vs 73% + 17% p=0.09). percentage of patients finally discharged from the ed was similar in both groups (96 vs 94%). patients treated with bronchodilators delivered by mdi improved faster and had better fulfillment of treatment standards.
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